Wildland Firefighting Practice Exam

What type of winds are often the predominant element above the surface?

1. Local winds

2. Gradient winds

3. Trade winds

4. Prevailing winds

The correct answer is: Gradient winds

Gradient winds are defined as winds that result from horizontal pressure differences in the atmosphere at higher altitudes. Unlike surface winds, which can be influenced significantly by local topography and obstacles, gradient winds flow more smoothly and follow the curvature of isobars (lines of equal atmospheric pressure). These winds are typically found in the upper levels of the atmosphere and are crucial in weather systems as they help to move air masses and influence surface weather patterns. In contrast, local winds are more variable and can change direction and speed due to geographical features, while trade winds are specific winds found in the tropics that blow consistently from east to west. Prevailing winds refer to the winds that predominantly blow from a specific direction over a certain area, but they can manifest in various forms at different altitudes. Therefore, gradient winds are recognized as the prevalent force influencing atmospheric conditions above the surface.